High-Pressure Hydraulics by Citro?n

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Hydraulic gearbox of the early DS
(with low pressure pump and 38mm piston)


Semi-automatic gearbox and automatic clutch

Adjustment of the automatic clutch control, car on rollers in manufactory.
2 workers by vehicle, it is not today that we should see it !

During 20 years this hydraulic control made the exclusivity of the DS. Starting 1963, the ID19 mechanical system was proposed to customer for the same price.

 

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Functioning of the DS hydraulic gearbox


I chose this doent because of its clear coloured diagrams. Published in 1960, just before the appearence of the centrifugal regulator that was an important development of the system, it is certainly not the most current DS still travelling today.

With the colours code and the arrows, I thing it's not necessary to understand French language. I hope it because I have no translated text
NOTA : with the time, red color can become ... pink !



To see the diagram with centrifugal regulator (from 1960 to 1975), please click below :
http://www.gayheaven.org/showpost.php?p=2816146&postcount=30

 

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Front deflector plates and DS motors



Visitors of the 42th Paris Motorshow 1955 could see for the first time a car without radiator-grill. A large air entrance appear under the bumper and just behind the exhaust.

The main difference from Traction engine is the new hemispheric cylinderhead in aluminium alliage. Inlet on the left, exhaust on the right, valves make a V while they are aligned on the Traction where inlet and exhaust are on the right. Spark plugs in the middle in a well bottom. The ventilator in Rilsan is a novelty at this age.

Simple carburator on ID19 and inlet integrated to the cylinderhead, same design for the DS starting 1959. Only few ID19 Normale with 11D engine of Traction were producted.

 

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New front face and new deflector plate for the model 63

In 1965 air entrances for the new brakes are enlarged.

Five crankshaft bearings motor for DS 19 (1985 cm3) and DS 21 (2175 cm3), a new DS version. Notice the exterior inlet pipe and ignition at the front of the cylinderhead, a special feature of DS 21 until 1969.

In 1966 the ID 19 gets also a five crankshaft bearings motor, keeping the simple carburator. No exterior inlet pipe on this engine.

 

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1968 : Four headlights incorporated to front fenders.

The bag that drive air to radiator since 1963.

Electronic Injection for the DS 21 in 1970

 

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- When have you realized that you was no more minister ?
- When I sat at the rear of my car and it did not start ! (real dialog)

 

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SM in various movies


César et Rosalie


Columbo


Folle à tuer

 

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The longest yard OMG ! X_X

 

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La marge


O.K. patron


The Protectors
Notice interior headlights that light the curve before the car is turning :thumbs up:


Vincent, François, Paul et les autres

 

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GS and GSA beyond the serie


1972 - GS Camargue bodyworked by Bertone

1972 - GS with flags

1977 - GS with arrows
1978 - GS Basalte, first GS limited serie

1982 - GSA Tuner

1984 - GSA Cottage

1985 - GSA Chic
In late 70's, marketing departments invented the limited series, an efficient means for kickstarting sales.

 

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CX beyond the serie


Imported in USA by an independant small company, these CX had no logo.

CX Prestige seen by the bodyworker Henri Chapron.

Dressed with the same fabric than Concorde, only 12 units of this CX GTI Turbo, named CX Concorde, were manufactured whose 5 for Air France staff.


Very luxurious version of the estate, CX Evasion by Heuliez is available in two models : one is derived directly from the Citroën (photo above) , the other is lengthened of about 20 centimeters (photo below).

Successful limited serie CX Leader helped to maintain the model sales until the arrival of XM.

Convertible CX Orphée by Guy Deslandes.

CXM : homemade work, the front face of XM is matching with CX.

Some close dimensions allowed to XM prototypes to keep discreet in the traffic under a CX body. Only the rear track is different. (+ 9 cm)

 

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SM Espace presented by Heuliez at Paris motorshow 1971


Last version of the SM Espace assembled for Brussels motorshow 1972.
Not allowed by the administration, Venetian blind above the rear window was removed and Heuliez simplified the finition.

 

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Genealogy


With BX and XM, aerodynamical theories dear to Andre Lefebvre are gone at Citroën. Exit the rain-drop, plane wing profil and covered rear wheels.

As allways Traction (11 or 15, it is the same body) is used like reference :
Front track = 149 cm
Rear track = 147 cm

DS
Front track = 150 cm
Rear track = 130 cm (-17 cm compared with Traction !)

SM
Front track = 152 cm
Rear track = 132 cm
CX
Front track = 147 cm (151 cm starting 1981)
Rear track = 136 cm

XM
Front track = 152 cm
Rear track = 145 cm
On the XM the width at the rear is nearly the same than the width in front for the greatest happiness of the passengers... like in a good old Traction!

 

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From G Special to SM Injection, 1975 catalog presents a large choice of hydropneumatic Citroën where old DS stand beside brand new CX.

 

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Hydropneumatic Citroën in 1976.
After the SM stopping, CX Prestige represents Citroën up'market.

 

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A catalog 1980 special anniversary!